De-gender them! Gendered versus collaborative department out-of housework – cross-social review out of Polish and you may Norwegian pupils

Conceptual

Domestic work has gendered meaning and content of both masculinity and femininity is strongly embedded in the cultural context. In our article, across three studies we analyse the perception of household duties and their division between partners in two countries differing with regard to gender equality levels: Norway and Poland. In our Study 1, Polish (N = 64, 40 women, M_age = ) and Norwegian (N = 45, 27 women, M_age = ) students rated the typicality of domestic duties for women and men in Poland and in Norway. Our results show that feminine-typed or masculine-typed household duties are perceived as less gendered in Norway than in Poland. In the second Study, using a sample consisting of students and internet users from Poland (N = 207, 92 women, M_age = ) and Norway (N = 126, 85 women, M_age = (SD = ), we investigated whether there are Polish-Norwegian differences with regard to willingness to be more involved in household obligations. Overall, Norwegian men and women were more willing to perform household tasks. This result also found confirmation in results obtained with larger representative samples in Study 3. Using European Social Survey records of 889 Poles (429 women, M_age = ) and 990 Norwegians (452 women, M_age = ) we compared data concerning men’s and women’s perception of their and their partners’ contribution to housework. Our results show that cultural context can relate to the perception of household duties that are perceived more gender-neutral in Norway than in Poland.

Introduction

Dudes around the cultures was under great pressure to follow norms for example given that department, prominence, pursuit of high social status, and you may most importantly avoidance of femininity (Berent mais aussi al. 2015; Mahalik et al. 2003). Hence becoming a part of home-based job is maybe not considered to be good people’s business but a good female’s job, and that https://getbride.org/etiopialaiset-naiset/ dudes cannot practice (Poortman and you will Van der Lippe 2009; Bosson and you can Vandello 2013). The extent that cleaning is just as divided between women and you will dudes depends on the level of gender equivalence into the certain nation. Within the places which have large degrees of gender equivalence, everyone manage far more comparable positions regarding area and you may it is more common for men becoming focused on home-based really works compared to nations which have straight down gender equivalence (Glick & Fiske, 2001; Timber and Eagly 2012). Due to the fact posited of the biosocial structure design, cultural beliefs regarding gender spots keep in touch with mans observations of circumstances of females and dudes inside their neighborhood, therefore in the event that somebody to see women caring for youngsters and you can creating house chores then they feel that ladies are way more appropriate doing domestic really works than simply men (Eagly and you may Steffen 1984; Wood and you will Eagly 2012). These gender part inferences, therefore, promote sex-classified behavior that is together with manifested when you look at the ladies’ and you may men’s room readiness and you may responsibility is employed in domestic work – medical conclusions usually reveal that no matter what gender equality quantities of the world, extremely house bargaining works out with women are a whole lot more guilty of cleaning (Coltrane 2000; Ehrenberg ainsi que al. 2001; Fuwa 2004).

Discrepancy ranging from men’s and women’s show inside the household errands comprises a great obvious gender gap regarding the loved ones. That it gap are particularly obvious whenever job is categorized from inside the male-typed and you will women-penned cleaning (Schneider 2012). Predicated on Tai and you can Treas (2013), there is almost common section regarding tasks with the masculine-published (lawn performs, small repairs) and you will feminine-typed work (age.g. washing, cleaning, ill care) considering studies away from thirty two nations. Aforementioned number of requirements consists of tasks, which are firmly precluded by dudes (Treas and Tai 2010), as they are recognized as date-consuming and you will boring, contrary to masculine-composed work like home restoration, vehicle resolve, lawn really works which can be felt a whole lot more recreational and you may episodic (Bianchi mais aussi al. 2006). Aside from the biosocial build design (Timber and you may Eagly 2012), a new potential reason why guys usually refrain from carrying out feminine-typed facts is the concern about not being perceived as macho sufficient. Manhood is made along the lines of department and you can an anti-womanliness mandate and this discourages dudes is involved in affairs and that are women and you will communal such child care and you can home-based really works (Bosson and you can Vandello 2013; Caswell ainsi que al. 2014; Kosakowska-Berezecka et al. 2016b; Schneider 2012). To prevent cleaning would be ergo one-way in which men make up for dangers to their manliness and give a wide berth to bad appraisal off their people participants which predict guys to get manly and you can refrain from feminine work (Caswell et al. 2014; Kosakowska-Berezecka ainsi que al. 2016b). This is why, masculine people don’t take up adequate express out-of gendered domestic financial obligation, which would succeed feminine as a lot more apparent in the labor b).